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Sunday, November 1, 2009

Retirement Plans: IRA's

By Doeren Mayhew

While retirement plans benefit from special tax advantages, they are also restricted by special tax regulations. For example, you are allowed a tax break if you contribute to a retirement plan and you are able to have your retirement income grow free of taxes (for a certain period of time). However, annual contributions, the total size of each contribution, and the frequency of contributions are subject to restrictions. It is important that you carefully consider your options before deciding on a retirement plan. There are generally two categories to choose from, IRAs and employer-sponsored plans.

Before you can start planning, review the retirement plans that are currently available to you. Generally, there are two categories into which all plans can be sorted: IRAs and employer-sponsored plans. IRAs are perhaps the most widely used retirement plans because they're easy to set up and maintain. You can open up one yourself it doesn't have to be sponsored by your employer and you can contribute as much (or as little) as you want, whenever you want, provided you don't exceed applicable annual limits. Following are descriptions of the three main types of IRAs:

Traditional IRA. With this type of IRA you are able to let your assets grow on a tax-deferred basis. This is advantageous because you will not have to pay taxes on your assets until you withdraw funds from your account.

Contribution eligibility depends on earned income, statutory limits, and age. You can only contribute, at a maximum, as much as your earned income. Earned income is defined as income from wages and self-employment income in the period of one year. Earned income does not include investment income. If you are age 50 or older then you may also be allowed to contribute what are called catch-up contributions. Additionally, your spouse can also use your income to make contributions of his or her own. However, you and your spouse are only eligible for make contributions if you have not reached age 70 at the end of the year of the said contribution.

Before contributing to a traditional IRA, be sure you wouldn't be better served by contributing to another IRA type, such as a Roth IRA, or to an employer's 401(k) plan.

The deductibility of your contribution is one factor that may make you lean towards once type of IRA over another. Your income level, along with other factors, will determine if a contribution to a traditional IRA will be fully deductible. If both you and your spouse are able to participate in a plan that is sponsored by one of your employers, you are automatically able to deduct your contribution, regardless of how much income you earn. However, your adjusted gross income (AGI) might make your deductions value reduced or even worthless.

If you aren't eligible to make a deductible contribution (or a Roth IRA contribution), you may wish to make a nondeductible one you'll still enjoy the benefit of tax-deferred growth. And, when you withdraw the funds after age 591/2, only the earnings will be taxed. You can withdraw your nondeductible contribution without tax.

Roth IRA. You may contribute the same amount to a Roth IRA as you can to a traditional IRA, but there are different eligibility rules, such as no age limit with respect to contributions, so long as you meet the earned income requirement.

You also must remember that the total annual contributions to your IRA may never exceed the defined limit. In order to get around these limits you are able to split your contribution between a traditional and Roth IRA.

The Roth IRA also differs from a traditional IRA in that you won't be able to claim a deduction for your contributions. But all Roth IRA earnings can be withdrawn tax free after age 591/2, provided you've had the account for at least five years. (You can withdraw amounts up to your total contributions tax free at any time.)

Traditional IRAs also have required minimum distribution rules that must be followed, Roth IRAs do not have such restrictions.

If a Roth IRA sounds like a better place to park your retirement funds but you already have a traditional IRA, you may be able to elect to convert some or all of it to a Roth IRA. In so doing, you'll be creating taxable income, but you'll also be getting the benefit of future tax-free withdrawals.

Simplified Employee Pension (SEP) IRA. A SEP IRA provides self-employed individuals a way to make more significant retirement contributions than would be available to them through a traditional or Roth IRA. Funds are treated, for tax purposes, the same as IRA funds; you may claim a deduction for your contributions, and distributions will be taxed. But the contribution limits can be much higher. - 23223

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